High pressure energy is demanded for throughput of liquids (and also gases) through pipes. Resistance has nothing to do with friction and corresponding heat losses.

Molecules are reflected at walls by increasing acute angles towards centre of pipe, until lastly no movement ahead exists. Pipes are self-blocking systems (unless fluid is sucked through pipes, then Bernoulli no longer is valid).

Common pipe bows are especially destructive for flows and produce enormous losses, cause inevitably comes up turbulent flows, practically stand-still of fluid. Reason of these problems is, inner side of bow is much shorter than outer side.

Only if fluid within bow is twisted one full turn around longitudinal axis, ways show same length, however way at centre is shorter than ways alongside walls. So fluid at centre moves faster ahead than fluid further outside: so ideal case of ´Potential-Twist-Flow´ results automatically.

If flow is guided alongside a wall ´stepping-back´, flow wants to move straight on, based at inertia. Along wall thus comes up area of less density resp. relative low pressure.

Into this ´emptiness´ molecules fall, occasionally hit into this direction by last collision, thus by normal molecular movement´s speed. These molecules fly relative far without colliding. These molecules got absent as collision partners at their origin location. Thus other molecules can also fly this direction. So into suction areas comes up ordered flow of relative parallel and nearby flying molecules.

There comes up flow of (nearby) sound-speed, as accelerating component of given technical flow´s speed. As (important) side effect results reduced static pressure (towards that backward-bended part of wall).

Well known application of this effect is lift at wings and sails. Power input for drive of airplanes resp. given wind for sailing is only triggering element. Much stronger usable force of lift, exclusively results of atmospheric pressure, thus lastly weights resp. gravity forces.

These effects are also to achieve by pure passive measurements (design of walls) and are usable by diverse applications.

Depending on aim of application, suction or pressure is to use, like listed at systematic table. All constructions of my Fluid-Technology were designed strictly according to these principles.

As an example, kinetic energy of flux has to be transferred onto mechanical parts exclusively by pressure. Only thin jet has to be redirected by solid body. Redirection may not occur by suction, at no smallest part of jet.

Outlet of pumps are often designed totally bad for flows. Like at previous mixing-up, outlet has to end into basin or pipe all times tangentially.

Within pumps, fluid should not be forced to move zigzag, like common practice e.g. at very most jet-engines. Opposite, fluid has to be rolled-in, also morefold within itself, so multiple twisted flows result (see e.g. Potential-Twist-Pump).

At turbines not at all must exist absolutely continuous throughput. If outlet is closed intermediately, given flow can only ´escape´ into tangential direction, thus is accelerated in turning sense of system. That´s decisive effect of Schauberger´s ´Repulsine´.

If outlet of nozzle abruptly is closed, back-stroke results (analogue to Hydrostatic Ram). This pressure-wave can be mirrored within a resonance-area. Nozzle is to open /close according to run-time of pressure-wave, e.g. within water.