At chapter Inertia and Gravity at Wheels problem of Bessler-Wheel was discussed and basic facts reported. At chapter Studies to Gravity-Motors step by step was searched for solutions. At chapter above Centrifugal-Gravity-Motor, a concept easier to build was worked out and effects in principle discussed once more. Nevertheless, Bessler-wheel might have been constructed totally different kind, for example as a polygon around a polygon.
Octagon within eighteen edges
In EVGIG 31 schematically shown is a basic possibility of this kind of solutions. Around system axis (SA) a shaft is turnable, beared within a housing (here not shown). At this shaft input resp. output of system will be done. Fix installed at that shaft will be a rotor arm (RT), its outer contours here is shown as a regual octagon.
On this rotor arm will rest a rotor (RO), with an inner contour of a regual polygon, here with eighteen edges resp. corners. This rotor will show no other bearing, thus there is no shaft around the rotor axis (RA). Thus the rotor will weight on each support of rotor arm. Effective masses (M) here for an example is arranged concentrically, rather outside at the rotor.
Other polygons might do as well. Essentially wil but be, edges of rotor and rotor arm do show same length. However, length of edges must not be too small, as e.g. distance between teeth of normal gear wheel show.
When this system will turn, so no absolute round running will exist. At picture EVGIG 32 diverse situations of motions procedure schematically are shown. In order to understand this picture, right-angle line towards the middle of one edge of rotor and of one edge of rotor arm are marked.
Movements when starting
Different to situation at picture EVGIG 31 above, here at EVGIG 32 upside left (A) situation is shown after a turning of 22.5 degrees (here the rotor drawn but partly). Now the rotor will weight at the upside corner of rotor arm, thus had been lifted a little bit (see old and new position of rotor axis). As the masse of rotor is symmetric, this rotor will still hang downward in vertical direction - when starting slowly.
At this picture upside right (B), rotor arm did turn once more by 10 degrees, counter clockwise. One edge of the rotor now will rest on one edge of the rotor arm. Both upside corners thereby did move to left, thus whole rotor. New position of rotor axis does mark this movement to left side. From stable situation with broad supporting surface at picture EVGIG 31, towards this new situation the rotor was lifted and moved to left.
After further turning of 12.5 degrees (C), stable support is achieved once more, whereby rotor axis did swing back to its central position. This pendulum movements will go on at further turning, e.g. once more by 12.5 degrees (D). Rotor axis then did swing out to right side outwards.
Movements when running
By static view, now could be expected rotor masse to swing back again, thus rotor axis wants to find back to its central stable position. Starting movements above did begin from resting situation. Now however, masse of rotor is in motion and thus kinetic forces will have effect.
As shown several times at chapters above, at downward-phase forces of inertia and gravity will add to stronger resulting forces, while at upward-phase by vectoriall subtraction, in sum but small forces will exist. By this kind of bearing here, practically again situation of beam scale above is given. Unbalancy of weights, here will be pointed out by position of rotor axis right side from system axis.
Support of rotor on that edge of rotor arm thus will remain, until next corner did come to an upmost position (E). Rotor axis thus will swing out to right side even more. Nevertheless, this upward motion of rotor axis will end, as rotor masse will rest again on this corner upside and will be transported to left side again (F).
So this movement is analog to movement above from A to B. However, rotor masse here won´t rest symmetrical on the rotor arm, but will show ahead towards turning direction. Above this, rotor masse now will be within a general turning motion.
As the upside corner will move in turning sence (here to left, from E to F), this support point will move conform to inertia direction of masse points at downward-phase. This will say, masse points upside-left may rest longer at their inertia direction downward-left. Also masse points outside-left and masse points downside-left as well, may fall longer downwards. By this longer remaining in a phase of ´free´ falling, higher kinetic energy will be come up.
With regard to masse points quit downside, this supporting point will ´under-run´ its movements. So there, slinging towards upside will start earlier. Same kind, masse points in upward-motion will be pulled stronger to upside and left side. Redirection of these relative small weights preferably will be done by radial pressure of system axis.
If now, support will chance to next corners, immediately the turning center of all movements will change too. Masse points of downward-phase thereby will be decelerated, nearby be blocked, thus will sling around this new supporting point to right side. Same time, they will press upward moving masse points faster upside.
By this changes of supporting corners and movement direction of these corners, a swinging-rotating motion of masse points will be generated. Rotor in principle will move between positions like E and F. General turning of rotor masse points will be overlayed by movments ahead-downward (here to left and downside) parallel to motion of supporting corner, changing with change of supporting corner to a pendulum-swing-motion towards backward-upside (here to right side and upward).
Design principles
In EVGIG 33 polygons above once more are shown, but supporting points are marked in detail. Also here, constructional principles are shown but schematically. Like above, octagon of rotor arm is shown and rotor like above with eighteen corners. Other polygons could also be used.
Around system axis (SA) turnable mounted will be the rotor arm (RT), beared within a housing (here not shown). At this shaft starting and output of system will be done. The rotor arm here, for an example is shown in shape of a circle, only the corners of octagon stick out the circle. Function of this rotor arm thus could also be done by four rods, installed crosswise at the shaft.
The corners of rotor arm, here are build by ball-bearings (KL, German Kugellager). Between rotor arm an rotor will exist relative movements, so at supporting surfaces will exist friction. In order to eliminate or minimize these losses, ball-bearings could be installed. Axis resp. shaft of ball-bearing should be fix part of rotor arm, turnable ring of ball-bearing should fit into corresponding surfaces of the rotor. Naturally this function could be done by other technology too.
Rotor (RO) again will have effective masse (M) arranged concentrically. Its rotor axis (RA) will show no shaft nore bearing. Rotor will rest exclusively at corners of rotor arm. Correspondingly designed surfaces (LB, German Lagerbuchse) should be installed as supporting surfaces.
Momentum
This picture does show situation of system in turning motion. As discussed above, rotor axis will be situated right side below system axis. Here won´t work static forces, but unbalanced kinetic forces.
As we may assume, vertical weight components from right to left may show amount from 0 to 1 and 2 units, centrum of weights will be left to system axis. At lever arm of each support point, these weights will effect turning momentum in turning sence of rotor arm. One part of this momentum must maintain turning of system, one part will be available for free usage at rotor arm shaft.
Redirection of tangential forces
By this concept, symmetry of forces will be broken, different e.g. to total compensation of forces at normal wheels with vertical axis. There, spokes will work, permanently redirecting inertia of masse into a circle track. While one turn, pulling forces of masse points there will compensate at axis resp. shaft.
Opposite, already at a normal wheel with horicontal axis, these forces won´t be symmetric, cause all exisiting tangential forces must be pressed into circle track. At downward-phase vectorially will add vertical gravity forces to tangial inertia forces (at upward-phase correspondingly will subtract). Tangential components at a whole, must be redirected. This will result a much stronger pulling at spokes at downward-phase (thus at axis resp. shaft resp. bearing) than at upward-phase.
Now here, there are no spokes nore rotor shaft. Work of redirection but can be done at each supporting point between rotor and rotor arm. Relativly strong forces of downward-phase thus at ball-bearing of rotor arm, will pull strongly to left-downside. Much smaller will be pulling forces resulting of redirection of masses in upward-phase. That´s why there will exist a turning momentum at support between rotor and rotor arm, turning this system.
Swinging turns
As to expect, turning of a polygon rotor around a polygon rotor arm will not show masse movements at circle tracks. Already at slowly starting of system, center of masse (representated by system axis) will be lifted and moved to left, afterwards will swing back. As soon however, as masse got into motion, within downward-phase of supporting point, masse will also move downward (here left side down). When support point will change, turning center will immediately be changed and a pendulum-swing will start (here towards right side up), which afterwards will be followed by that downward-phase again.
Thus, motions won´t be totally ´edged´ at all, as could be expected by totally edged parts. By several measures, motions could be even better smoothed. However, fine teeths or round surfaces won´t work, cause no effectiv lever arm length would exist. Nevertheless, some flexibel material at supporting surfaces would reduce material tensions and noises as well.
Constructional variations
Principle of this concept can be realized diverse kind. There are lots of additional measures possible, in order to make this maschine run. Later, one analog variation of this principle will be shown here. However, first should be concidered other aspects of Bessler-Wheel.
For example it would make sence, lastly to replace gravity used here by centrifugal forces. On the other hand, there might be special effects by combining horicontal with vertical axis, thus to construct mixed gravity-centrifugal systems. Chapters titled ´Gravity and Rotation´, ´Kon-Maschine´, ´Gyroscope-Maschine´ and some more I did work out - but can´t pulish here at the moment, cause other inventors probably will use these aspects commercially.
Won´t matter, there are lots of subjects to investigate, for example Pendulum Control next chapter published here.
Evert / 09.11.2000