Pressure result Counter-Pressure
At picture 05.11.01 schematic are shown cross-sectional views of normal radial pumps (assumed turning left all times). Cross-sectional view at A shows rotor (red) and six straight canals (light red)) within, through which fluid is transported outwards. Fluid moves at spiral bended tracks within space (see arrow) towards outside, at this machine thus by six separated jets. At outlet of pumps however steady flow is preferred, so fluid flows off by flat jet all around.
This is achieved when cross-section of canals towards outside become stretched, thus some longer and more flat same time, like schematic sketched at longitudinal cross-section view at F. Cross-sectional view at B shows disadvantage of these pumps: fluid becomes dammed-up at backward (pressure-) wall C of canals, resulting increasing resistance. Some further ahead within canal exists less density D and quite frontside of canals even relative depression E (marked by different blue colours).
Suction results Motion
At this picture downside right schematic is shown longitudinal cross-sectional view through rotor (red) and canals (blue), where now cross-section of these canals are likely wide from inside towards outside. Inlet F again is arranged frontside at the middle, outlet H backside outward into radial directions. Now however total surface of outlet is much too large in relation to surface of previous central inlet area.
At this picture downside left schematic is shown cross-section view through rotor. Fluid flows through central inlet F (blue) into these six canals, further on towards outlet H, moving through space at bended track I. In addition now are drawn slit-shaped openings G (light red), which are arranged alongside each suction-wall of canals. Also at longitudinal cross-sectional view (right side of picture) general position of these additional side-slits G (light red) are sketched. Theses side-slits here are drawn each as one opening, however could be several openings divided by cross-beams (if necessary for reasons of stability).
Through these slits additional fluid flows into canals, so throughput as a whole corresponds to outlet-surface (which otherwise would be too wide). So at total front side of rotor comes up general flow towards these openings. However it will make sense to structure that flow some better shape, e.g. corresponding to spiral tracks of fluid within space.
Spiral Canals
Right-bended curve D represents wall of rotor-canals. Between each two of these walls one rotor-canal E (light red) is build. Also within that rotor-canal fluid flows faster towards outward like marked by different blue colours at rotor-canal F.
Accelerated motion within both canals results, as side-slits (near suction-walls of rotor-canals) move increasingly faster alongside of housing-canals resp. increasing longer side-slits glide over increasingly wider housing-canals.
At this picture right side for example are drawn ten housing-canals (left-bended, showing into turning sense of system) and ten rotor-canals (right-bended, showing backward in turning sense of system). Each second housing-canal is marked by different blue colours, while only walls of rotor-canals are drawn. Following animation visualizes movements of rotor-walls and of fluids within housing-canals as well.
Depending on curvature of all lines, that relative movement is free to design, e.g. walls resp. canals of rotor and that stator can be bended different and show into different directions. Also pressure- and suction-wall of canals can show different shape, e.g. with suction-wall showing radial and pressure-wall showing much more backwards.
At example of each ten canals shown here, each four side-slits of rotor-canals suck in fluid of one housing-canal resp. opposite, four different housing-canals deliver ´false-air´ into one rotor-canal. At any case, flows from housing- into rotor-canals from inside towards outside occur at increasing widths and increasing speeds of relative motions - ideal prerequisites for coming up of suction effects.
Basic Design
Within middle of housing, round inlet area F is arranged, through which fluid flows direct into central inlets of rotor-canals (light blue). Outside of, ring-shaped inlet area G (middle blue) is arranged, through which fluid flows into housing-canals. That fluid by parts is sucked in through side-slits into rotor-canals and flows off outside. Remaining fluid of housing-canals (dark blue) increasingly faster flows off also at outlets. So from both canals flows off strong accelerated flow I aside of machine.
At this picture downside left, cross-sectional view shows corresponding view from frontside onto rotor A (red) with walls (black lines, bended backward in turning sense of system) and side-slits C (light red) aside of each suction-wall. Again one can see, central ring-shaped inlet into rotor-canals is only for initial flow, while main flow comes up by fluid sucked-in through side-slits.
Strong suction exists within rotor-canals as their total cross-sectional surface increases towards outside. Opposite, cross-sectional surface of housing-canal becomes smaller, as at the one hand fluid is sucked-off into rotor-canals via side-slits, at the other hand remaining fluid masses should move most fast out of that ´nozzle´.
At this picture downside right, by some larger scale is sketched section by view from outside. Rotor A here moves downside up. Suction-wall of rotor-canal B ´runs-off´ thus remaining continuously area of relative emptiness within space. Fluid-particles fall into that area through side-slits C. These particles hit onto suction-wall, fly backward and finally are pushed off by bended pressure-wall of rotor-canals towards outward. So at front of rotor-canals continuously comes up new area of relative emptiness.
Fluid-particles of housing-canal thus by flow G are ´sorted-off´ and are no longer available as collision-partner at their area of origin. Thus indirectly also within housing-canals comes up relative emptiness, wandering continuously forward-outward into turning sense of system. Following particles of housing-canal H naturally fall into that suction area resp. increasing acceleration towards outside results.
Double Suction-Effect
Each frontside wall of each pump-canal ´runs off´, thus resulting suction effect. At normal pumps however already at inlet is produced such high pressure, way for acceleration by suction is blocked. Here however, way into frontside suction area is not hindered but free entrance through side-slits exists all times. Alongside outer surface of rotor, fluid is dragged by friction so parallel flying fluid practically has only to change from housing-canal to neighbouring rotor-canal.
Potential of molecular speed is optimum to use if only suction-wall would be used. Within rotor-systems that´s hardly possible, because theoretical each backward showing wall represents suction-side, each corresponding forwards showing wall however represents pressure-wall. Here however, suction of rotor-canal is transferred aside into housing-canal, which is totally free of limitations, opposite is bended forward into turning sense of system, all times just into directions of continuously coming up suction areas. Already within rotor-canals, pressure-resistance is relative small based on continuous widths. Within housing-canals however, no backward showing movement exists at all, so there comes up well structured flow with self-accelerating effect, based exclusively on ordering of normal molecular movement potential.
Up to Sound-Speed
At un-controlled test, e.g. Schauberger´s Repulsine is told to rise off solid foundation and to fly through roof of workshop up and away. Even description and parts of that construction are still available, nobody was able to make that machine running again (if not hidden anywhere). Schauberger however used other movement processes and constructional elements most complex. Finally by previous clear insight in processes of suction, precise definition of working principle and direct application by logic consequent design, that simple Spiral-Canal-Motor results - with enormous effects.
Here I want to give an urgent warning, not to use that secondary flow of housing-canals directly for drive of rotor. There must not be installed blades for redirection of that flow directly at rotor. Starting of system well demands some energy, afterward however system will self-accelerate up to sound speed if direct coupling is used. Instead to making these experiences really, specialists should prefer only theoretical to assure that fact - however should really do these calculations.
However, specialists still believe primary in effects of pressures and don´t consider, real potential of molecular movements energy comes up only by application of suction. Everyone can test strength of these kinetic forces, e.g. sticking out head off car at 150 km/h - or brave men climbing at car-roof. Air particles move ten times faster and even sound at its zigzag way moves six times faster - that´s energy totally for free - and usable by organization of suction.
Once more I want to warn for careless building that machine. If for example suction- and pressure-wall of rotor-canal are not build by simple walls (as drawn here), but by some profile e.g. suction-wall showing steep radial and pressure-wall showing flat backward, flow through side-slits can hit radial onto suction-wall (and by rejection producing turning momentum) while particles at pressure-wall hit only by flat angle (thus resulting merely resistance). Already that rotor could become self-accelerating component.
Open System
Vehicle sketched here could show e.g. five metre diameter. Spiral-canal-motor (red) installed upside must show diameter less than one metre, however an ´apron´ (marked black) should reach further outward. Outside at rotor-housing or at that apron could be installed elements for control of flows and it´s important to control cross-sectional surface of inlet e.g. by cap (both not drawn here).
Air from upside is sucked into rotor- and housing-canals (blue) and spread fan-like alongside bended upper surface, minimum these remaining two metres wide. Upside of that flat flow all around, by suction parallel flow comes up in addition. So upper surface of that vehicle is well protected against atmospheric pressure, even rotor turns relative slow (at previous comparable ´Suction-Helicopter´ some 20 m/s flow were considered sufficient, here achieved by 300 to 600 rpm).
At proposals of similar design, still air outside at border of vehicle is redirected downward by (most naive) intension, vehicle should lift corresponding to air-masses pushed down (pure mechanic thinking by action-reaction, ignoring fluids are no solids). Downside surface of that vehicle is nearby 200000 square centimetres wide and thus same amount of kilograms static pressure pushes that surface upward - and only that difference between pressures at upper and downside surfaces makes vehicles lift. So at downside surface air should be rather calm, e.g. side-surfaces should be curved so upward flow resp. ring-vortex comes up (steady regenerated by flows running outward at upper surface).
This picture might appear real naive for physicians like airplane-engineers and they won´t believe this vehicle should be fit to fly at all. Please think about some more and calculate. I won´t tell more about as it´s job for specialists to produce optimum flying machines - based on these clues, most easy job.
Closed Circuit
At picture 05.11.07, an example for application of that principle at closed system is shown schematic. Within housing (light grey) rotor A (red) is turning, inclusive its rotor-canals B and their side-slits C (light red) at frontside (here downside) rotor wall. Walls D of housing-canals H are installed at fix element E, which by itself is fix connected with housing by downside part of walls D.
Motions process is identical to previous described processes, inclusive flow G through side-slits into rotor-canals, and also flow of remaining fluid H through housing-canals. Resulting of is previous discussed acceleration up to outlet aside. Now that combined flow at outlet affects at blades L (dark blue) of turbine K (yellow), as flows are redirected and little bit decelerated (so producing turning momentum). Fluid flows back through area M (light blue) and between housing-walls D back to inlet area at F.
Like mentioned upside, no direct coupling between turbine element and rotor may be installed, because inevitably system will automatic accelerate up to sound speed and explode anyhow (if no corresponding load exists or sufficient brakes are installed, which e.g. could be done by automatic control of inlet cross-sectional surface). So here rotor-shaft (red) and turbine-hollow-shaft (yellow) are drawn as separate elements. Turbine well could drive rotor, e.g. by external hydraulic unit, which must be controlled by guarantee. If however that danger of ´running-off´ is averted by corresponding techniques, that system is an autonomous working power-station for many applications, for stationary energy-supply or drive of vehicles, for nearby any demand.
Many Variations
Picture 05.11.08 schematic shows that version, upside by view into axial direction, downside by longitudinal cross-sectional view through system axis. Again upside of cross-section four housing-canals D are marked by light and darker blue. Outside border of these canals is build by fix part E of housing and walls reaching inwards. Between each two walls one housing-canal D is build, open towards rotor and outward bended into turning sense of system (so analogue to previous basic design).
Different however is design of rotor-canals. Upside-centre an inlet area F is build by piece of pipe, within which blades of rotor transport fluid downward, just like normal axial pump. This starts however only an initial flow. At the following, theses blades smoothly pass into teeth-shaped depressions, which are open towards outside. Walls of these open canals B are build that kind, practically only suction-sides exist however no more pressure-sides. These ´teeth´ are arranged alongside cone-like rotor surface, as spiral tracks towards outside.
At downside half of cross-sectional view, four of these rotor-canals B are marked by light and darker blue. They cross housing-canals D nearby right angles. They move over housing-canals towards outside by increasing sections and increasing speed. Fluid follows these back-moving suction-sides and that flow pulls further fluid into inlet area and housing-canals, so well ordered flow comes up. Only at area upside-centre thus acceleration mechanical is done with corresponding energy-input. Downward-outside however, fluid is offered only back-stepping wall, so main part of volume of flow exclusively is produced by suction. There, normal molecular movement vectors are ordered little bit better, completely autonomous and without any energy-input (as no pressure-sides exist there).
Sceptics might doubt this machine would work, e.g. because strong cavitation comes up when driven by water - and just this approves decisive effect. This version well could use liquids as working medium (put upon high pressure to avoid caviation) and kinetic energy of generated flow could be used by separate turbine (analogue to previous closed system). At the other hand this version is very suitable as open system, e.g. as pump for previous flight-unit. Housing-part E would reach far out so nozzle all around is build. Rotor outside shows only these spiral depressions, thus is easy to build and even large diameter would allow relative high revolutions. Specialists will be able to build most effective machines based on these clues.
Incomprehensible
Likely strong as law of energy-constant - however valid only within fluids - is law of constant sum of static plus dynamic pressures. Relation of both pressures is variable and is easy to change in favour of increased kinetic pressure, just because no energy input into system occurs but only relation between static-potential pressure-energy and dynamic-kinetic pressure-energy is shifted little bit, naturally by organization of suction, even by pure passive measurements. Temporary existing flow-pressure can be picked up by turbine, at continuous processes also repeatedly. As behind turbine flow drops off and fluid returns into remaining masses, same old relation of pressures is given, with unchanged level of all energies - besides that additional benefit harvested by act of re-establishing that old status.
These machines are also not bound to ´laws of thermodynamics´ because no transformation of heat-energy occurs. Molecules fly with speed corresponding with their heat. That speed is not accelerated nor decelerated within system, but only movements by vectors are sorted. As mentioned upside, collisions of particles from different directions by pure occasion result vector into direction of suction and only distance these particles fly becomes some longer and finally ordered flow - without any chance of speed of these molecules. These systems well will produce waste heat, e.g. as turbines blades become warm by hitting of molecules. However that´s only side-effect, while essential principle is working without any changes of heat, so limitations of thermodynamic processes are not involved, not at all.
Some few years later, young people won´t really understand why so many, just ´imploring´ words were necessary for description of such matter-of-factness - why men didn´t use these clean and save technologies earlier.
At previous chapters was stated, common machines preferably use pressure, e.g. water turbines or combustion engines. Pressure results contrary pressure, at gases resistance rises even by square. Using pressure can´t use internal motion potential of fluids, but only by suction automatic accelerated flows can be generated, up to sound speed. At this chapter are shown some examples for utilization of that ´free energy´.
Naturally some particles of backside dense area move forwards into area less dense, however pressure-wall runs behind all times. At picture 05.11.02 is shown how that relative empty space near suction-wall of pump canals is to use. Upside of picture cross-section of three canals is sketched, thus by view radial towards system axis. Rotor moves from right side towards left, so right side at pressure-wall exists dammed-up area C, further ahead areas D and E with less density. Principle of solution for utilization of that relative emptiness now is, frontside near suction-wall ´false-air´ G can flow into canal through opening aside.
Rotor stands not free within space but is beard within any housing. Ahead of frontside of rotor with its side-slits, wall of housing should be shaped correspondingly. This is achieved as canals of housing also guide fluid from inside towards outside and into direction of rotors side-slits. At picture 05.11.03 schematic are sketched these housing- and rotor-canals. Drawing shows both kinds of canals at one level, while really these are arranged at different axial levels aside each other.
Left-bended curve A is wall of housing and each two of theses walls build one housing-canal B (dark grey). Housing-canals become wider from inside towards outside. Fluid will flow through housing-canals accelerated from inside towards outside, here marked by different blue colours of housing-canal C.
Bending of walls here is arranged that kind, both cross each other nearby right angles. Lines here for example are arranged to fit into circle-section of 36 degrees. One side-slit thus runs over one housing-canal from inside towards outside, when rotor turns 72 degrees.
At picture 05.11.05 basic construction of rotor and corresponding parts of housing are sketched, upside right by longitudinal cross-sectional view through system axis. At rotor A (red) again rotor-canals B are arranged from frontside-centre to backside-outward. Near suction-wall of rotor-canals are installed these side-slits C, through which fluid flows from housing-canals into rotor-canals. So housing-canals are open towards rotor, are build by housing-walls D (bended left) and at frontside are build by cone-shaped and curved housing-wall E.
At this picture upside left, cross-sectional view resp. view from frontside shows these parts of housing resp. areas of fluid flows within housing-canals: walls D bended forwards in turning sense of system, ´collar´ of housing-wall E, central inlet F for rotor-canals, ring-shaped inlet G for housing-canals and further way of housing-canals H.
At this system, speed is achieved only by small parts by acceleration via pressure, only at pressure-walls of rotor-canals and even by flat angles there. That pressure-wall shows constant width from inside towards outside, i.e. there exists no area of increasing density and thus increasing resistance (like at normal pumps). Opposite, towards outside increasing space is available for fluid. If fluid-particle mechanically is hit towards outside, it will fly relative far (thus does not produce continuous resistance at pressure-wall).
Flow within housing-canal is faster than rotor turns. So at rotor could be installed some blades, redirecting that secondary flow little bit backward - and thus system will be self-accelerating as a whole, turning up autonomous to sound speed - and crashes or flies off. Both already did happen really.
This machine is right for producing heavy winds by minimum energy input, because rotor by itself accelerates only small part of flows by pressure, while volumes much wider with speeds much faster are available by suction effect of self-acceleration. That naive drawing of picture 05.11.06 shows an application as example.
Already at chapter 05.07. ´Suction-Helicopter´ was described similar vehicle, however this here looks even more like an ´ufo´ resp. flying disk. That application is relative ´harmless´, nevertheless there are reports concerning helicopters with ´radial-ventilators / -boosters´ which made trouble for coming down again (probably because previous effects occurred occasionally and without theoretic knowledge no expedient construction could be done).
At previous application of open system, air was used as medium, while at closed systems naturally medium more dense would produce much better effects. At this motion principle come up huge ´forces of suction´, so danger of cavitation comes up when using fluids. Like at any hydraulic units (e.g. hydraulic-coupling or torque-converter) medium thus is to put on static pressure and probably also cooling of medium must be done.
This principle naturally is to realize by most different techniques. Upside e.g. were mentioned some proposals for design of rotor-canals, where suction- and pressure-walls well could be bended and arranged different. Rotor can be build by normal shape of radial pumps like sketched upside, however could also be build as cone (with canals at inner side or outer side, with back-flow outside or central). That machine even could be egg-shaped with ´bowl-like´ rotor so its outlet shows backward to inlet. System probably could work without housing-canals separated by walls, as fan-like flow at frontside of rotor anyway moves spiral-outward. Kinetic energy of generated flow could be transferred into torque by most different shape of blades and positions of turbine. So technologists and engineers can develop many technical solutions for different applications - if they finally realize decisive function of suction and consider which enormous potential of kinetic energy ´lies fallow´ at every cubic metre gas or just likely at each litre of fluid, free for utilization and inexhaustible.
One more variation I´ll show as an example, where at the one hand acceleration by suction becomes obvious, at the other hand this conception is similar to Schauberger-Repulsine. Viktor Schauberger made diverse machines called ´Repulsine´ with special design of surfaces at rotor and stator, as both were ´corrugated-iron´ shaped. Instead of canals, only each one wave-like depression covered surface in shape of long stretched spiral track. One of these Repulsines was told to break off suspension and to fly up and away through roof of workshop (because pump and turbine were coupled directly). Even parts of that machine and descriptions still are available, complex functions are not clear and unit never again was really running. Following version is most simplistic and represents effects most direct.
One must realize these machines have nothing to do with transformation of energy from one shape into other shape (like practically all common power-units) and thus are not at all involved in compelling constant of energy (like to-days technology with their huge losses). Within these machines, vectors of normal molecular movements only become little bit better ´sorted´. Molecules fly everlasting into any direction, thus also all times at walls. If however wall moves back, some molecules can fly little bit longer that direction and return with some delay. So also following molecules can fly little bit longer into that direction, however all times only these particles which actually move that way anyhow. Without energy input thus comes up flow - without any change of energy-level as a whole.
05.12. A380 and Lift
Ether-Physics and -Philosophy